Sarbanes Oxley SOX - Effective Governance Essay - 1891 Words

Sarbanes-Oxley: Effective Governance? Introduction On December 2, 2001, less than a month after it admitted accounting errors that inflated earnings by almost $600 million since 1994, the Houston-based energy trading company, Enron Corporation, filed for bankruptcy protection. With $62.8 billion in assets, it became the largest bankruptcy case in U.S. history, dwarfing Texacos filing in 1987 when it had $35.9 billion in assets. The day Enron filed for bankruptcy its stock closed at 72 cents, down from more than $75 less than a year earlier. Many employees lost their life savings and tens of thousands of investors lost billions. Who is to Blame? That is what at least a half-dozen Congressional Committees, the SEC, the U.S. Justice†¦show more content†¦Although the Act applies only to public corporations, its affects undoubtedly trickle over to the entire business and investing environment. Analysts have stated that they have seen a cascading effect, which will continue to cause many privately-owned businesses, governmental, and non-profit entities to be affected through similar regulations and requirements. Major Provisions of Sarbanes-Oxley Some of the major provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act are summarized below with assistance from J. Carlton Collins, CPA, president of ASA Research, LLC. 1. Financial Records – Companies are required to maintain and retain detailed financial records. 2. Work Documentation - it is now a felony with penalties of up to 10 years to willfully fail to maintain all audit or review work papers for at least five years. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission will establish a rule covering the retention of audit records, and the U.S. Public Accounting Oversight Board will issue standards that compel auditors to keep other documentation for seven years. 3. Document destruction - destroying documents in a federal or bankruptcy investigation is considered a felony and can carry penalties of up to 20 years in prison. 4. Fraud discovery - the statute of limitations for the discovery of fraud is extended to two years from the date of discovery and five years after the act. Previously it was oneShow MoreRelatedThe Sarbanes Oxley Act ( Sox )1604 Words   |  7 PagesThus, to respond to the public pressure over acts of corporate offense, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) was enacted in 2002. SOX proposed major changes to the regulation of corporate governance and financial reporting by improving the accuracy and reliability of company disclosure. This essay will explain the effects of SOX on the financial statement fraud in an organization. Situation Prior to the legislation of Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the regulations of financial statement were much more lax than currentRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 20021015 Words   |  5 PagesThe Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, also known as the SOX Act, is enacted on July 30, 2002 by Congress as a result of some major accounting frauds such as Enron and WorldCom. The main objective of this act is to recover the investors’ trust in the stock market, and to prevent and detect corporate accounting fraud. I will discuss the background of Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and why it became necessary in the first section of this paper. The second section will be the act’s regulations for the management, externalRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act ( Act ) Essay1432 Words   |  6 Pages The Sarbanes Oxley Act is an act passed by the United States Congress to protect investors from the possibility of fraudulent accounting activities by corporation. The Sarbanes Oxley Act has strict reforms to improve fina ncial disclosures from corporations and accounting fraud. The acts goals are designed to ensure that publicly traded corporations document what financial controls they are using and they are certified in doing so. The Sarbanes Oxley Act sets the highest level and most general requirementsRead MoreSarbanes Oxley Memo1410 Words   |  6 Pages August 22, 2005 SUBJECT: Sarbanes-Oxley recommendations As consultants for Ancher Public Trading (APT), Learning Team A would like to discuss the implications of the Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) legislation. This memorandum provides a brief history of SOX ¡Ã‚ ¦s creation, explains the relationship amongst the FASB, SEC and PCAOB, describes the pros and cons of SOX, assesses the impacts of SOX, and lists ethical considerations of SOX. History of SOX - the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 is legislation inRead MoreIT Corporate Governance Essays1599 Words   |  7 PagesCorporate governance is the responsibility of an organization’s board of directors (BOD). The internal auditor (IA), the external auditor (EA), and the information technology (IT) auditor all play important roles in the process of corporate governance. By using established frameworks established by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX), the Integrated Framework from the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and the Control Objectives for Information and related TechnologyRead MoreSarbanes Oxley Act And Its Effect On Businesses1542 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Sarbanes-Oxley Act. In 2002 the Sarbanes-Oxley Act passed by the U.S. Congress to protect shareholders and the general public from accounting errors and fraudulent practices in the enterprise, as well as improve the accuracy of corporate disclosures. With the research I have done I believe that with the act being accepted and pass made a big change for all organizations, large and small. Keywords: U.S Congress, Organizations,Research, Sarbanes-Oxley, Accounting the Sarbanes-OxleyRead MoreThe Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 20021668 Words   |  7 PagesThe Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 The Act Impact ACC 410, Jackie Lewis, Ph.D. Abstract The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, officially named the â€Å"Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act of 2002†, is recognized to be the most noteworthy U.S. federal disclosure and corporate governance legislation since the Securities Act of1933 (the Securities Act) and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act). Furthermore, the provisions of the Act areRead MoreSarbanes Oxley Act1322 Words   |  6 PagesSarbanes-Oxley Act The Sarbanes-Oxley is a U.S. federal law that has generated much controversy, and involved the response to the financial scandals of some large corporations such as Enron, Tyco International, WorldCom and Peregrine Systems. These scandals brought down the public confidence in auditing and accounting firms. The law is named after Senator Paul Sarbanes Democratic Party and GOP Congressman Michael G. Oxley. It was passed by large majorities in both Congress and the Senate and coversRead MoreSarbanes Oxley Act And Its Effect On Market Liquidity1289 Words   |  6 Pagesseller (Abella, 2016). The Sarbanes Oxley Act in 2002 incentivized institutions to keep more accurate and attainable records of business. The Act being based off of the fraudulent activity of several high profile companies (eg. Enron), was put in place to better monitor and record a companies transactions, improve management style, and promote ethically responsible behavior in the workplace (Keneth, 2015). Our main purpo se is to determine whether or not the Sarbanes-Oxley Act had an affect on marketRead MoreRegulatory Compliance Controls1712 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Ashbaugh-Skaife, H., Collins, D. W., Kinney, W. R., and LaFond, R. (2006, rev. 2007) The effect of SOX internal control deficiencies on firm risk and cost of equity. Retreived http://www.wbur.org/news/local/icd/icd.pdf This paper examined the cost-benefit of SOX, looking specifically at the potential for a lower cost of equity as a result of lower information risk. The findings indicate that, after controlling for other risk factors, firms with internal control deficiencies have significantly higher

The Effects of Cosmetic Surgery - 1593 Words

Are you planning to have a cosmetic procedure? There are many things that a person considering having a procedure should know. Cosmetic surgery has been practiced for many years however, it is dangerous and many people face addiction. Before having a cosmetic procedure it is important to know all the facts. Cosmetic surgery being so popular, many people are not aware that there are two types of plastic surgery: Cosmetic plastic surgery and Reconstructive plastic surgery. Cosmetic surgery is the improvement of a person’s natural features on a purely aesthetic level with the absence of trauma or physical deformity. The most popular cosmetic surgeries today include the removal of blemishes with a lasers, breast augmentation,†¦show more content†¦Sometimes it is not the patient or the doctor’s fault, when getting a plastic procedure done many people play a part in the surgery. Every bad surgery is not a blotched surgery. It sometimes depends on the patient’s body as well as the doctor’s technique. A patient’s education is the key to having a procedure. A person can minimize there risks by doing homework and taking responsibility for there own care. The most important thing to know before having cosmetic surgery is having the knowledge of the physician doing the surgery and knowing that he/she will be performing the cosmetic surgery. When having the procedure it is also important knowing if your physician is a board certified plastic surgeon or a board certified dermatologist. The patient should always know how long the procedure will take, the risk and complications of the surgery, and how long the healing time is going to take. The patient should always be comfortable with surgeon and the procedure before having the surgery. Cosmetic surgery can be addictive. Two thirds of the people who have had plastic surgery will have another procedure done. 20 percent of those people will have more than eight surgeries. Every year the number of cosmetic surgeries will increase and so will the number of patients who are addicted to cosmetic surgery. Body Dysmorphic Disorder also known as BDD is a mentalShow MoreRelatedThe Side Effects of Cosmetic Surgery1325 Words   |  6 PagesThe Side Effects of Cosmetic Surgery Reading and Writing Level 4 Kirsten Ringstrom April 14, 2009 Table of Contents 1 Introduction 2 The History of Cosmetic Surgery 3 The Trends of Cosmetic Surgeries 4 The Risks of Cosmetic Surgery 5 Conclusion References Throughout recorded history, a pale complexion has nearly always been more fashionable than a tan complexion because pale skin represents a woman who does not have to labour outdoors. So, most non-white women probably wantedRead MoreCause And Effects Of Cosmetic Surgery1570 Words   |  7 PagesThis cause and effect paper was written to discover the correlation between self-esteem and the elements that lead to cosmetic surgery. The subject has been chosen to assist medical doctors in gathering more knowledge on the matter and to help bring awareness to whether or not patients need additional psychological care prior to body enhancements. The data throughout this paper was gathered by way of surveying and interviewing patients both before and after having cosmetic surgery. Through theseRead MoreCosmetic Surgery And Its Effects On Society1462 Words   |  6 Pages In the past few years cosmetic surgeries popularity has increased, with wanting to look a certain way, the way that the media perceives body image for women, usually they use Botox, aesthetic surgery, and a reconstructive surgery; to fix facial features and body parts after a horrible accident. However the controversy begins is, how it can be harmful to every ones body and minds. Most people do not realize the damaging side effects with what is being injected into their bodies. Botox is one ofRead MoreCosmetic Surgery And Its Effects On People And Their Lives2046 Words   |  9 PagesTHE DEVIL IN COSMETIC SURGERY Nowadays, the physical beauty has been considered like a scale to evaluate and measure people, especially women. Everyone wants to have a perfect body as well as a beautiful face to attract the others. Some people try to get their beauty through makeup, exercise or diet, but some try to fix their appearance by the intervention of cosmetic surgeons. Thus, cosmetic surgery somehow has become the most popular procedure for people to improve their beauty. There is no doubtRead MoreEffects Of Cosmetic Surgery On Young Women1213 Words   |  5 Pages Cosmetic surgery has become such a worldwide trend. Most often, those who are seeking to alter their appearance believe they will feel better about themselves if they change the one thing they don’t like about their appearance. More often than not, it’s not just one thing people would like to change about themselves, there’s many parts of their body they wish were thinner, toned or more polished. After cosmetic surgery, I don’t think everyone who has something done is happy with the outcome. EvenRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Cosmetic Plastic Surgery2322 Words   |  10 PagesNegative Effects of Cosmetic Plastic Surgery Eyrekr Gunter Professor Bessie DiDomenica, Ph.D. College Writing 2 Introduction Cosmetic surgery is now one branch of what people call plastic surgery was founded in Greece but instead of calling it plastic surgery in their form of language it was called â€Å"Plastikos† meaning to shape or mold. Plastic surgery can also be traced even back to India hundreds of years. They call themselves Brick Masters. Elective plastic surgery is a surgeryRead MoreCosmetic Surgery And Its Effect On Society1950 Words   |  8 PagesCosmetic surgery is a high in-demand, popular medical procedure that can improve your physical appearance. It can be features on the face or body. This is the general idea behind what we as individuals believe it will do. We believe that surgery will improve how look better, help build higher self-esteem, feel better about ourselves, and grab people’s attention. However, what is the motivation behind why people want to improve their appearance? The influence that society and media have on the populationRead MoreThe Psychological Effects of Going Through Cosmetic Surgery1486 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons in the United States 14.6million cosmetic surgery procedures were performed in 2012. Cosmetic procedures range from skin rejuvenation to cleft palate repair. The most popular age range of cosmetic surgeries performed is 40 to 54 years old. Most of us are self conscious about how we will appear in the future. Our self conscious feelings towards our body image affects us psychologically and psychosocially by our own body-self image, sexual relationshipsRead MoreCosmetic Surgery : Worth It, Or Not?1384 Words   |  6 Pages Cosmetic Surgery: Worth it, or Not? Jazmin Bencomo Front Range Community College Cosmetic Surgery has been around ever since the early wars to repair scars and injuries. Today, as stated in an article titled, The Risk of Cosmetic Surgery Should Not Be Ignored, â€Å"cosmetic plastic surgeries outnumber reconstructive ones in many countries.† (Edmonds, 2012, p. 134). Cosmetic surgery continues to grow in popularity all around the world. It has now evolved to beautify anRead MoreWhy Cosmetic Surgery Improves Mental Health1689 Words   |  7 PagesColvin A main motivator for getting cosmetic surgery is the desire of being more satisfied with one’s own appearance and improving self-esteem. However, research has shown that this is not always the case. There have been variable results showing whether cosmetic surgery will improve psychological variables such as body image, self-esteem, and mental health. Body image specifically has been suggested to be a crucial factor in the desire to undergo cosmetic surgery. This is based off two important

A Time of Change Essay Example For Students

A Time of Change Essay The enlightenment was a great time of change in both Europe and America. Some of the biggest changes, however, happened in the minds of many and in the writings of many philosophers. These included some of the beliefs of David Hume, Jean Jacques Rousseau, Immanuel Kant, and Francois Voltaire. Writers during this time focused on optimism, which is the opinion to do everything for the best Chaney 119, and the best for these philosophers was to stretch the minds of the ordinary. David Hume was Scottish and was born on April 26, 1711 and died in 1776. He states that he was not born into a rich family and was born into the Calvinist Presbyterian Church. However, after being influenced by the works of Isaac Newton and John Locke he began to draw back from the Church. He writes in Enquiry, The idea of God, as meaning an infinitely intelligent, wise and good Being, arises from reflecting on the operations of our own mind, and augmenting, without limit, those qualities of goodness and wisdom. Pomerleau 214 The questions he brought up against religion were that concrete experiences must lead us and that we must think about the quality of the stories that were handed down to us. He wanted everyone to only believe the actions that one experienced, there has to be proof. He also believed that there were four basic problems to the stories that we hear. First of all, the facts to the stories are never the same to everyone. Second, we stretch the truth to make everything interesting. Third, people who do not understand these stories tend to make things up. Finally, not all of the religions agree. Therefore, the stories conflicted each other leaving a person to not know what to believe. He believes that Our most holy religion is founded on Faith, not on reason; and it is a sure method of exposing it to put it to such a trial as it is, by no means, fitted to endure. 215 Hume also believed in the social contract. This is that kings are in power because of luck and citizens should have control over their own power. During Humes lifetime a representative government was not something that countries thrived on. He also thought that the duties of men were to love children and to pity those that are less fortunate. He also thought that one should respect others properties and keep our promises. Hume argued that we are born into our family with the knowledge passed on to us, from this point Hume says that government is only an interference in the lives of people. He uses the example of American Tribes where no one needs a government to keep peace within the group Pomerleau 222. These are the two main points that Hume tried to make. They are the basis of what got people to think about their lives and decide that what they have now might not be the best thing that their life can accomplish. From his points of view, we can move on to another influential philosopher, Jean Jacques Rousseau. Jean Jacques Rousseau was born in Geneva in 1712. His first years in his life were very hard because his mother died shortly after birth and he was sent to live with his aunt. However, his life turned around and he married and began his life as a philosopher. Rousseau was involved with the social contract like Hume. His book, however, did not become popular until after the French Revolution because these were the conditions that the revolution was based on Chambers 669. .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367 , .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367 .postImageUrl , .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367 , .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367:hover , .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367:visited , .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367:active { border:0!important; } .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367:active , .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367 .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ube24fdc7c6e634ac3c47561853a62367:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Compare Dicken"s "The Signal-Man" to Dahl"s "Lambs to the Slaughter" EssayHis ideal government would contain a small state, prevention of overpowering businesses, and equality in rank and fortune Castell 419. He distrusted the aristocrats because he believed they were drawing away from traditions that were once held very high The Enlightenment, http. To him kings are just concerned with themselves and when one dies, another one is needed. None of these people ever take in to consideration the less fortunate. Everyone has to move to the beliefs of one man. Rousseau felt that the government should be in the hands of many, not just one. Ideally, everyone in a society needs to be in agreement with one another. Another belief that Rousseau represented was deism, which is that god created the universe and then allowed it to run according to natural law and not interfering with it anymore. Again, these questions began to be disputed and the people began to realize that their lives could mean more than just what the higher officials might say. They began to think about what life and the world is really about. This brings us to the next philosopher, Immanuel Kant. Immanuel Kant was born on April 22, 1724. Kant studied both Hume and Rousseau and rethought his aspects of science and shifted a little towards philosophy. In addition to his thinking, he also spent a lot of time lecturing at Konigsberg, Martin Knutzen. His two main scientific questions dealt with how far can the scientific method be applied to everything and how to explain scientific knowledge. He realizes that both of these cause the mind to start with some given information and an answer is then given for humans to understand Stumpf 302. Kant was firm in his belief on a priori knowledge, which is the knowledge that is prior to experiences, but he also states that not everything can be based on experiences since we cannot experience everything. From these beliefs, he also believed in two realities, phenomenal and noumena. Phenomena, derived from a Greek word meaning that which appears, Castell 599 is the world as we experience it and noumena is intelligible or nonsensual reality. In the world we only experience phenomena because noumena is present but it is external from us and only appears as it is organized by us Stumpf 312. From a social standpoint, Kant believed that as long as a man could support himself and owned property he should be qualified as a citizen. He states that if everyone is required to pay for public welfare then everyone should have his or her freedom guaranteed. If this if present then there is no need for a rebellion, which will lead to a stronger government. Kant feels that this is hard to obtain because people need a political balance but at the same time they need to be able to keep their freedom. A type of freedom that he feels should be held by all is the freedom that everyone is punished the same and the death penalty should only be carried out only when an individual is proven guilty Stumpf 316. Kant believed in God because he felt that if one would deny all existence that did not support any logic, then nothing at all would exist to anyone. He also states that it is morally necessary to assume the existence of God. Stumpf 319 From this he also realizes that one does not necessarily need to believe in God, but one needs to respect the beliefs for dutys sake. When thinking about God, according to Kant, it is an experience that we can not experience. Kant takes us to the last of the four major philosophers on the enlightenment period, Francois Voltaire. .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae , .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae .postImageUrl , .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae , .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae:hover , .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae:visited , .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae:active { border:0!important; } .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae:active , .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6e8d6d2491f3787696f3ddd4d11fa0ae:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A beautiful life written response EssayHe based a lot of his thoughts on the three previous philosophers but did not speak to them directly. His writings are fewer but more radical that the others. Francois Voltaire lived from 1694-1778. To most he was known as the most vigorous antireligious debater. He was the philosopher that was favoring deism the most. He wished that everyone would stop Christianity and follow his beliefs. One reason that he felt this was because from his experiences, bad things came from religion Chambers 660. Voltaire, unlike Rousseau, favored the aristocracy and was often invited to their parties to talk about some of his ideas. From this Voltaire, unlike many of the philosophers of his day, was often left to think about things on his own The Enlightenment, http and another reason for this is because for twenty eight years he was held in succession from Paris for some of his extreme writings. One of the most disturbing things in Voltaires life was from the earthquake in Lisbon on Nobember1, 1755. This was one thing that Voltaire could not understand and thought about forever. He did not want to turn to God as everyone else did, nor did he want to be on the side of the atheist. He was stuck in the middle and only left with the thought of the innocent people that were killed Gay 52. For most of the philosophers during the time of the Enlightenment, things were bad. Most of them had to publish their books in secrecy and still had to deal with them getting burned as officials found out. This would be a very big disappointment, but they later prove that some of their beliefs are right when people begin to rebel because of the dramatic messages that they sent to people. Whether philosophy, religion, or politics were the basis of ones reading they were generally flipped around. It is said that educated people have the power to do anything, and during the Enlightenment this source of power is obvious and is carried out. Whether the readers believed the philosophers or not, it got the reader thinking and he talked to his friends and the revolts began. The Enlightenment was a time of change but it was also a time that dealt with the unreality that some thought could be but never were because some were so extreme or contradicted each other from philosopher to philosopher.